MyCAT可以视为“MySQL”集群的企业级数据库,用来替代昂贵的Oracle集群,其背后是阿里曾经开源的知名产品Cobar。MyCAT的目标是:低成本的将现有的单机数据库和应用平滑迁移到“云”端,解决数据存储和业务规模迅速增长情况下的数据瓶颈问题。
(1) 用命令行工具或图形化客户端,连接MySQL,创建DEMO所用三个分片数据库:
CREATE database db1;
CREATE database db2;
CREATE database db3;
(2) 修改my.inf新增以下语句,my.inf 一般会放在/etc/my.cnf 或 /etc/mysql/my.cnf,设置为Mysql大小写不敏感,否则可能会发生表找不到的问题。
lower_case_table_names = 1
(3) 下载解压Mycat-server-1.3.0.2-20150105144205-linux.tar.gz到/usr/local/mycat (4) 修改/usr/local/conf/schema.xml,URL、用户名、密码修改,其余不变
(1) 进入 /usr/local/mycat/bin(默认数据端口为8066,管理端口为9066),执行:
./mycat start
(2) 进入logs目录,查看日志,如果wrapper.log 报错 java.net.BindException: Address already in use 杀掉正在执行的相关java进程:
ps -ef|grep java
kill -9 xxx
(1) 登录mysql,执行以下命令
mysql -utest -ptest -h127.0.0.1 -P8066 -DTESTDB
(mycat的用户账号和授权信息是在conf/server.xml文件中配置)
(2) 表创建测试:
mysql> create table employee (id int not null primary key,name varchar(100),sharding_id int not null);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.30 sec)
mysql> explain create table employee (id int not null primary key,name varchar(100),sharding_id int notnull);
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| DATA_NODE |SQL |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| dn1 | create table employee (id int not null primary key,name varchar(100),sharding_id int notnull) |
| dn2 | create table employee (id int not null primary key,name varchar(100),sharding_id int notnull) |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.04 sec)
可看到TESTDB数据库下已创建表employee,打开db1,db2 数据库也可看到已创建表employee。
(3) 插入数据测试
mysql> insert into employee(id,name,sharding_id) values (1,'jerry',10000),(2, 'jerry2', 10010),(3, 'jerry3', 10000),(4, 'jerry4', 10010);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> explain insert into employee(id,name,sharding_id) values(1,'jerry',10000);
+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| DATA_NODE | SQL |
+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| dn1 | INSERT INTO employee (id, name, sharding_id) VALUES (1, 'jerry', 10000), (3, 'jerry3', 10000) |
| dn2 | INSERT INTO employee (id, name, sharding_id) VALUES (2, 'jerry2', 10010), (4, 'jerry4', 10010) |
+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
(4) 根据规则auto-sharding-long(主键范围)进行分片测试
mysql> create table company(id int not null primary key,name varchar(100));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> explain create table company(id int not null primary key,name varchar(100));
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
| DATA_NODE | SQL |
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
| dn1 | create table company(id int not null primary key,name varchar(100)) |
| dn2 | create table company(id int not null primary key,name varchar(100)) |
| dn3 | create table company(id int not null primary key,name varchar(100)) |
+-----------+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
(5) 三个分片上都插入了3条数据
mysql> insert into company(id,name) values(1,'jerry');
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> explain insert into company(id,name) values(1,'jerry');
+-----------+------------------------------------------------+
| DATA_NODE | SQL |
+-----------+------------------------------------------------+
| dn1 | insert into company(id,name) values(1,'jerry') |
| dn2 | insert into company(id,name) values(1,'jerry') |
| dn3 | insert into company(id,name) values(1,'jerry') |
+-----------+------------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
(6) 确认分片存储
mysql> select * from employee;
+----+--------+-------------+
| id | name | sharding_id |
+----+--------+-------------+
| 1 | jerry | 10000 |
| 3 | jerry3 | 10000 |
| 2 | jerry2 | 10010 |
| 4 | jerry4 | 10010 |
+----+--------+-------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> explain select * from employee;
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| DATA_NODE | SQL |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| dn1 | SELECT * FROM employee LIMIT 100 |
| dn2 | SELECT * FROM employee LIMIT 100 |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)